Family law basics

Start-here guides to how family court actually works, written in plain English for self-represented parents. Each one explains a concept in general terms, then points you to the details for your state. This is general legal information, not legal advice.

How does family court work?

A plain-English walkthrough of how family court works: filing, serving, responses, mediation, hearings, and final orders. Steps and names vary by state.

How do you prepare for your first family court hearing?

How to prepare for your first family court hearing: what to bring, how to organize your points and evidence, and courtroom basics. Rules vary by court.

What are your rights as a parent in a custody case?

A plain-English look at parents' rights in a custody case: due process, legal versus physical custody, and why the specific rights vary by state.

What counts as evidence in a family law case?

What counts as evidence in a family law case and how to use it: documents, messages, photos, and witnesses, plus relevance, authenticity, and hearsay.

How do you document your side for a custody case?

How to document your side in a custody case: keeping a dated journal, saving messages, gathering records, and sticking to facts a judge can act on.

How does family court mediation work?

How family court mediation works and how to prepare: what the mediator does, what to expect in a session, and why mediation rules vary by state.

What are common mistakes people make filing custody paperwork?

Common mistakes when filing custody paperwork: wrong forms, missed deadlines, vague parenting plans, and skipping service, plus how to avoid them.

Can you modify a custody order, and when?

When and how you can modify a custody order: the change-in-circumstances idea, the best-interest standard, and why the rules and forms vary by state.

What does a guardian ad litem do in a custody case?

What a guardian ad litem (GAL) does in a custody case: who appoints them, what they investigate, and how their recommendation is used. Roles vary by state.

What is a custody evaluation?

What a custody evaluation is: when a court orders one, what the evaluator looks at, and how the report is used. The process and names vary by state.

What is the grey rock method for co-parenting?

The grey rock method for high-conflict co-parenting: keeping messages brief, factual, and unreactive, why it can lower conflict, and where to be careful.